APDM ML / Lipsmeier 2022 / WATCH-PD overlap, APDM walking-feature characteristic (Tremor / Bradykinesia / Postural / Mobility / Speech), Timed walking / Stand and go / Postural sway / standing walk / cadence sub-tables, Issues block, MDS-UPDRS Items vs Subitems coverage matrix (Arm swing / Stance time / Cadence / Double support time / Turn duration), (Adams, 2022 #2373) Supplemental Table 2 (Wearable Sensoria / Smartphone / Smartwatch device-assessment matrix)

APDM walking-feature characteristic

			Postural, kinetic, and rest tremor during MDS-UPDRS (3.15, 3.16, 3.17 respectively)
Tremor	Peak frequency, Peak power, Ratio of peak power to total power	analysis from APDM accelerometer signal on each limb during completion of MDS-UPDRS 3.15, 3.16, 3.17		spontaneous detection and measurement of periods of tremor during rest.
	Postural / kinetic / rest tremor during MDS-UPDRS 3.15, 3.16, 3.17

Bradykinesia	Gait	SMARTWATCH AND SMARTPHONE		Mobility Lab 2 minute walking test, MDS-UPDRS part III gait score (item 3.10)
Postural
Mobility
fine motor
Speech	cadence with DaTscan


Timed walking (X 5)	The subject walks the 10 meter path for at least 2 minutes !
	Gait cycle, variability, asymmetry
Toed up and go x5	Timed Up and Go is a measure of functional lower limb muscle strength that is useful in quantifying functional change of transition movements where subject begins in a seated position, stands up completely, then returns to the sitting position
Postural sway x1	a common test of quiet stance balance, where the subject stands comfortably and is monitored for transverse, sagittal and conical acceleration.
tremor	Resting tremor (30 sec) Postural tremor (20 sec) (30 second timed, standing still (timed; 1 min/ timed continuously)) arm swing, stance, cadence, double support, turn duration, gait speed
standing walk

Issues

Clinical significance of the change?
Just one signal, not the whole picture, when PD patients are heterogenous
6m long enough to significant chance?
Motor composite score
More data to come; eg. balance

MDS-UPDRS Items vs Subitems coverage matrix


Arm swing	?	No difference
Stance time	?
Cadence	?	1
Double support time
Turn duration		1 terminal dual stance
Gait speed		No difference
Body Speed		No difference
Stride length	No difference (Adams 2022 #2373; FMID PMS7775XU APDM 2 mobile 가 한 사용)
Stride length asymmetry	Overall, metrics are separate or not agreeing between PD patients and (digitally) early PD ots.

(Adams, 2022 #2373) Supplemental Table 2. Description and location of assessments conducted with the digital devices used in the study

Device	Assessment	Description	Location
Wearable Sensoria	Timed Walk Test	The participant is timed while walking for a distance of 10 meters. The distance is measured with the Apple Watch and forth, turning at the end of their path, for 2 minutes.	In-clinic
	Repeat Timed Walk Test with Serial Sevens	The participant repeats the Timed Walk Test described above. While walking, the participant performs a serial subtraction of sevens beginning with the number 100.
	Sit-to-Stand Test	The participant sits against the back of a chair and stands up as quickly as they can for 5 repetitions without stopping.
	Postural Sway	The participant stands still, looking straight ahead for 30 seconds.
	Symptom Tracker	The participant answers a 5 item survey on the phone including questions about mood, sleepiness, thinking, tremor, severity, and difficulty with movement.

Smartphone	Symbol Digit Modalities Test	The participant is given a key that connects symbols to numbers. The participant is presented with a symbol and must speak aloud the corresponding number.	In-clinic and remotely
	Trail Making Test	The participant must connect a set of dots as quickly as possible using the index finger on their dominant hand while still maintaining accuracy.
	Visuospatial Working Memory	The participant is briefly shown four colored boxes. The participant is then shown a single colored box and must indicate if that box was in the previous set of four.
	Finger Tapping	The participant performs rapid alternating finger movements by tapping two targets that appear side by side using their index and middle fingers.
	Fine Motor Test	The participant is presented with a pink object and an outline. The individual must use 1-2 fingers to move and rotate the object into the outline as quickly as possible.
	Speech	Participants must perform a sustained phonation task, a verbal articulation task repeating the syllables "pa ta ka," and a sentence reading task.
Smartwatch	Walk Test	The participant must walk in a straight line, turning at the end of their path, for 1 minute.	In-clinic and remotely
Smartwatch	Tremor Task	The participant must stand still with their arms at their side for 30 seconds. The participant must rest their hands in their lap for 30 seconds, then extend their arms out in front of them for 30 seconds.	In-clinic and remotely

	Baseline	Long: (sensitivity to change over time)
Bradykinesia	PD vs HC (MDS 2023 poster, fig8) APDM TR composite score (combined 5 amplitude frequency) vs MDS-UPDRS TR hand pronation supination (3.6) ↓ for tapping (3.7). n. = 4-7-9-1 in MDS-UPDRS APDM 가	Correlate with MDS-UPDRS (MDS 2023 poster, fig8) APDM TR composite score vs MDS-UPDRS (Smarknash) correlate well with MDS-UPDRS p Correlation R	(MDS 2023 poster, fig8) APDM TR composite score Progressed in PD over 1y (3.5 data 가 있) vs MDS-UPDRS TR hand pronation supination (3.6) & toe tapping (3.7).
Sense	(Adams, 2022 #2373) (fig 7) but he TR digital data 베타 연구 (MDS 2023 poster) flooring data	(Adams, 2022 #2373; fig 7) Reduce Reach (MDS 2023 poster) flooring data ish P (correlate well with MDS-UPDRS score (3.17, 3.18))	(MDS 2023 poster) progressed only in PD group: (Note: non-progressing subgroups was identified) (note MDS-UPDRS 3.7 점글로 PD vs Hc PA 2021 (5)?) Vamato progression APDM 2021 Tairmare: Not progressed.